{"id":5004,"date":"2016-03-17T13:26:30","date_gmt":"2016-03-17T11:26:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ustarch.sav.sk\/?page_id=164"},"modified":"2026-09-22T12:00:32","modified_gmt":"2026-09-22T10:00:32","slug":"buildings-physics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/buildings-physics\/","title":{"rendered":"Department of Optics and Thermophysics"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1340 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/web-logo-department.png\" alt=\"logophys_i\" width=\"160\" height=\"160\" \/><br \/>\n\u2022 Scattering of electromagnetic radiation in the atmosphere.<br \/>\n\u2022 Aerosol optics.<br \/>\n\u2022 Light pollution: theory, modeling and measurement.<br \/>\n\u2022 Modeling and measurement of sky luminance distribution.<br \/>\n\u2022 Daylight availability and visual comfort in building interiors.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Head of department: <a href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=5626&amp;publication_author_id=\">Mgr. Miroslav Kocifaj, PhD.<\/a><\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Research activities:<\/h3>\n\n<h3>Latest publications:<\/h3>\n        <div class=\"department-latest-publications-container\" id=\"latest-publications-bph-399578\">\n            <style>\n                #latest-publications-bph-399578 .department-latest-publications-scroll {\n                    max-height: 540px;\n                    overflow-y: auto;\n                    overflow-x: hidden;\n                    border: 1px solid #f00;\n                }\n                #latest-publications-bph-399578 .department-latest-publications-table {\n                    width: 100%;\n                    margin: 0;\n                }\n                #latest-publications-bph-399578 .department-latest-publications-table td {\n                    vertical-align: top;\n                }\n                #latest-publications-bph-399578 .department-latest-publication-item {\n                    font-weight: 400 !important;\n                    text-decoration: none !important;\n                    line-height: 1.45;\n                }\n                #latest-publications-bph-399578 .department-latest-publication-type {\n                    font-weight: 400 !important;\n                    white-space: nowrap;\n                    text-decoration: none !important;\n                }\n                #latest-publications-bph-399578 .department-latest-publication-doi {\n                    text-decoration: underline;\n                    word-break: break-all;\n                }\n            <\/style>\n            <div class=\"department-latest-publications-scroll\">\n                <table class=\"list department-latest-publications-table department-latest-publications-one-column\">\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    FALCHI, Fabio** - FURGONI, Riccardo - GATTILLO, Paolo - FRANCESIO, Maurizio. FALCHI, Fabio**. FURGONI, Riccardo - GATTILLO, Paolo - FRANCESIO, Maurizio. De mora luminis: Roemer\u2019s discovery 350 years later. In European Journal of Physics, 2026, vol. 47, iss. 2, art. no. 025802. (2025: 0.9 - IF, Q3 - JCR, 0.389 - SJR, Q2 - SJR). ISSN 0143-0807. Dostupn\u00e9 na:. <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6404\/ae3f66\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6404\/ae3f66<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    PETR\u017dALA, Jarom\u00edr - KOCIFAJ, Miroslav. PM2.5 as a proxy for aerosol optical depth in night sky brightness models. PETR\u017dALA, Jarom\u00edr. KOCIFAJ, Miroslav. PM2.5 as a proxy for aerosol optical depth in night sky brightness models. In Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2026, vol. 548, iss. 3, art. no. stag712. (2025: 5.2 - IF, Q1 - JCR, 1.852 - SJR, Q1 - SJR). ISSN 0035-8711. Dostupn\u00e9 na: (VEGA 2\/0009\/24 : Optick\u00e1 charakteriz\u00e1cia \u010dast\u00edc vo vonkaj\u0161om a vn\u00fatornom prostred\u00ed. APVV-22-0020 : Komplexn\u00fd model \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia.). <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mnras\/stag712\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mnras\/stag712<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    WALLNER, Stefan** - KOCIFAJ, Miroslav - SILHA, J. WALLNER, Stefan**. KOCIFAJ, Miroslav - SILHA, J. Space debris contributions to night sky brightness: Comparing model predictions and implications for astronomical signal-to-noise ratios. In Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2026, vol. 708, art. no. L10. (2025: 6.1 - IF, Q1 - JCR, 2.052 - SJR, Q1 - SJR). ISSN 0004-6361. Dostupn\u00e9 na: (VEGA 2\/0010\/20 : Dif\u00fazne svetlo v mestskom prostred\u00ed: nov\u00fd model zoh\u013ead\u0148uj\u00faci vlastnosti lok\u00e1lnej atmosf\u00e9ry. APVV-22-0020 : Komplexn\u00fd model \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia. APVV-24-0627 : Kvantifik\u00e1cia parametrov \u0161\u00edrenia svetla pre modern\u00e9 umel\u00e9osvetlenie: Povrchov\u00fd odraz, vplyv oblakov a dynamick\u00e9 zdroje. 1384\/03\/01 : Meranie a modelovanie sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia.). <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/0004-6361\/202557485\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/0004-6361\/202557485<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    KOCIFAJ, Miroslav** - FALCHI, Fabio - KUNDRACIK, F. KOCIFAJ, Miroslav**. FALCHI, Fabio - KUNDRACIK, F. An all-sky light pollution model for global-scale applications that embraces a full range of cloud distributions. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025, vol. 122, iss. 44, art. no. e2508001122. (2024: 9.1 - IF, Q1 - JCR, 3.414 - SJR, Q1 - SJR). ISSN 0027-8424. Dostupn\u00e9 na: (VEGA 2\/0009\/24 : Optick\u00e1 charakteriz\u00e1cia \u010dast\u00edc vo vonkaj\u0161om a vn\u00fatornom prostred\u00ed. APVV-22-0020 : Komplexn\u00fd model \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia.). <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2508001122\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2508001122<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    KOCIFAJ, Miroslav** - KUNDRACIK, F. - WALLNER, Stefan. KOCIFAJ, Miroslav**. KUNDRACIK, F. - WALLNER, Stefan. Low Earth Orbit satellite fragmentation rates are critically disrupting the natural night sky background. In Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 2025, vol. 541, no. 1, p. L47\u2013L51. (2024: 4.8 - IF, Q1 - JCR, 1.688 - SJR, Q1 - SJR). ISSN 1745-3925. Dostupn\u00e9 na: (VEGA 2\/0010\/20 : Dif\u00fazne svetlo v mestskom prostred\u00ed: nov\u00fd model zoh\u013ead\u0148uj\u00faci vlastnosti lok\u00e1lnej atmosf\u00e9ry. 1384\/03\/01 : Meranie a modelovanie sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia. APVV-22-0020 : Komplexn\u00fd model \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia.). <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mnrasl\/slaf052\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mnrasl\/slaf052<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    KOCIFAJ, Miroslav** - K\u00d3MAR, Ladislav. KOCIFAJ, Miroslav**. K\u00d3MAR, Ladislav. Satellite Imagery Reveals Near-Horizon Urban Light Emissions Impacting Ambient Environment. In Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 2025, vol. 130, issue 22, art. no. e2025JD045452. (2024: 3.4 - IF, Q2 - JCR, 1.545 - SJR, Q1 - SJR). ISSN 2169-897X. Dostupn\u00e9 na: (VEGA 2\/0009\/24 : Optick\u00e1 charakteriz\u00e1cia \u010dast\u00edc vo vonkaj\u0161om a vn\u00fatornom prostred\u00ed. APVV-22-0020 : Komplexn\u00fd model \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia.). <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2025JD045452\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2025JD045452<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    KOCIFAJ, Miroslav** - NOV\u00c1K, Tom\u00e1\u0161 - MEDVE\u010e, Igor. KOCIFAJ, Miroslav**. NOV\u00c1K, Tom\u00e1\u0161 - MEDVE\u010e, Igor. Optical properties of semi-transparent sensor covers determined from their spectral intensity distribution function. In Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy &amp; Radiative Transfer, 2025, vol. 332, art. no. 109292. (2024: 1.9 - IF, Q2 - JCR, 0.676 - SJR, Q1 - SJR). (2025 - WOS, SCOPUS, NASA ADS). ISSN 0022-4073. Dostupn\u00e9 na: (VEGA 2\/0009\/24 : Optick\u00e1 charakteriz\u00e1cia \u010dast\u00edc vo vonkaj\u0161om a vn\u00fatornom prostred\u00ed. APVV-22-0020 : Komplexn\u00fd model \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia.). <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2024.109292\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2024.109292<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    KOCIFAJ, Miroslav** - KUNDRACIK, F. - GUEYMARD, CH. A. KOCIFAJ, Miroslav**. KUNDRACIK, F. - GUEYMARD, CH. A. Radiative warming by multicomponent soot-dominated aerosols can be controlled by material configuration. In Environment International, 2025, vol. 197, art. no. 109343, 5 p. (2024: 9.7 - IF, Q1 - JCR, 3.145 - SJR, Q1 - SJR). ISSN 0160-4120. Dostupn\u00e9 na: (VEGA 2\/0009\/24 : Optick\u00e1 charakteriz\u00e1cia \u010dast\u00edc vo vonkaj\u0161om a vn\u00fatornom prostred\u00ed. APVV-22-0020 : Komplexn\u00fd model \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia.). <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109343\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109343<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    KOCIFAJ, Miroslav** - FALCHI, Fabio. KOCIFAJ, Miroslav**. FALCHI, Fabio. Generalizing the world atlas of artificial night sky brightness to encompass a wide range of sky states. In Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 2025, vol. 542, no. 1, p. L154-L157. (2024: 4.8 - IF, Q1 - JCR, 1.688 - SJR, Q1 - SJR). ISSN 1745-3925. Dostupn\u00e9 na: (VEGA 2\/0009\/24 : Optick\u00e1 charakteriz\u00e1cia \u010dast\u00edc vo vonkaj\u0161om a vn\u00fatornom prostred\u00ed. APVV-22-0020 : Komplexn\u00fd model \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia.). <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mnrasl\/slaf083\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/mnrasl\/slaf083<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                                                    <tr>\n                            <td>\n                                <div class=\"department-latest-publication-item department-latest-publication-compact\">\n                                    PETR\u017dALA, Jarom\u00edr** - K\u00d3MAR, Ladislav. PETR\u017dALA, Jarom\u00edr**. K\u00d3MAR, Ladislav. The contribution of scattered radiation to the upward radiance of a city. In Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy &amp; Radiative Transfer, 2025, vol. 333, art. no. 109330. (2024: 1.9 - IF, Q2 - JCR, 0.676 - SJR, Q1 - SJR). (2025 - WOS, SCOPUS, NASA ADS). ISSN 0022-4073. Dostupn\u00e9 na: (VEGA 2\/0009\/24 : Optick\u00e1 charakteriz\u00e1cia \u010dast\u00edc vo vonkaj\u0161om a vn\u00fatornom prostred\u00ed. APVV-22-0020 : Komplexn\u00fd model \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia.). <a class=\"department-latest-publication-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2024.109330\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2024.109330<\/a>. <span class=\"department-latest-publication-type\">[ADCA]<\/span>.                                <\/div>\n                            <\/td>\n                        <\/tr>\n                                    <\/table>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        \n<h3>Projects:<\/h3>\n    <div class=\"department-projects-container\" id=\"projects-BPH\" data-department=\"BPH\">\n        <form method=\"GET\" action=\"\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5004#projects-BPH\" class=\"project-filters\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en\" \/>\n            <div class=\"filter-group\">\n                <label for=\"project-type-BPH\">Project Type:<\/label>\n                <select name=\"project_type\" id=\"project-type-BPH\">\n                    <option value=\"all\"  selected='selected'>All types<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"international\" >International<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"national\" >National<\/option>\n                <\/select>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"filter-group\">\n                <label for=\"project-duration-BPH\">Duration:<\/label>\n                <select name=\"project_duration\" id=\"project-duration-BPH\">\n                    <option value=\"all\" >All projects<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"ongoing\"  selected='selected'>Current<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"last5years\" >Finished in last 5 years<\/option>\n                <\/select>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"filter-group\">\n                <label for=\"responsible-person-BPH\">Responsible Person:<\/label>\n                <select name=\"responsible_person\" id=\"responsible-person-BPH\">\n                    <option value=\"all\"  selected='selected'>All persons<\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"user_5626\" >Kocifaj Miroslav<\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"user_8112\" >K\u00f3mar Ladislav<\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"user_14767\" >Wallner Stefan<\/option>\n                                    <\/select>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"filter-group\"><button type=\"submit\" class=\"filter-btn\">Filter<\/button><\/div>\n        <\/form>\n        <div class=\"project-count\">5 projects found<\/div>\n                    <table class=\"projects-compact-table\">\n                <thead>\n                    <tr>\n                        <th width=\"50%\">Project Name<\/th>\n                        <th width=\"20%\">Responsible Person<\/th>\n                        <th width=\"15%\">Duration<\/th>\n                        <th width=\"15%\">Type<\/th>\n                    <\/tr>\n                <\/thead>\n                <tbody>\n                            <tr>\n                    <td><a href=\"#\" class=\"project-name-link\" data-project=\"{&quot;name_en&quot;:&quot;International network for harmonization of atmospheric aerosol retrievals from ground based photometers&quot;,&quot;name_sk&quot;:&quot;Charakteriz\\u00e1cia atmosf\\u00e9rick\\u00e9ho aeros\\u00f3lu z pozemnej r\\u00e1diometrie&quot;,&quot;acronym&quot;:&quot;INHAAR&quot;,&quot;program&quot;:&quot;COST&quot;,&quot;solver&quot;:&quot;Mgr. Kocifaj Miroslav, DrSc.&quot;,&quot;start_date&quot;:&quot;1.10.2022&quot;,&quot;end_date&quot;:&quot;31.10.2026&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;Aerosols are particles floating in the Earth\\u2019s atmosphere linked with the largest uncertainty on estimates and interpretations of the Earth\\u2019s changing energy budget. Measurement principles differ depending on the desired derived aerosol optical parameter and on the measurement platform (surface or space).The common aerosol columnar properties\\u2019 retrieval techniques, consists of direct measurement of a bright source of radiation (sun, star, moon, sky) with a multi-wavelength photometers. Several global photometric aerosol networks exist. However, there are several instrumental, algorithm and hardware based differences on their related aerosol products and a global standardization is needed. In addition, in order to improve and optimize sun- and moon- photometric aerosol measurements, a network of aerosol scientists and operators, aerosol measurement users and software, hardware developers is needed.The objective of \\u201c\\u0397\\u0391R\\u039c\\u039f\\u039d\\u0399\\u0391\\u201d Action is to establish a network involving institutions, instrument developers, scientific and commercial end users, in order to improve and homogenize aerosol retrievals using mainly solar and sky but also lunar and star photometers from different networks. It aims bridging user needs and the science and technology expertise residing in academia and industry, through:- Increasing the interactions and knowledge exchanges between several atmospheric aerosol network measurement scientists and users- Standardizing and improving of existing aerosol products and tools, towards a \\u201charmony\\u201d in the aerosol photometry- Stimulating the communication between operational agencies and academia, with the aim to increase the applicability of aerosol products.- Encouraging and organizing the dialogue between researchers and instrument manufacturers, towards innovation actions on current and future photometric-aerosol instrumentation.&quot;,&quot;web&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/harmonia-cost.eu\\\/&quot;}\">INHAAR - International network for harmonization of atmospheric aerosol retrievals from ground based photometers<\/a><\/td>\n                    <td>Mgr. Kocifaj Miroslav, DrSc.<\/td>\n                    <td>1.10.2022 - 31.10.2026<\/td>\n                    <td><span class=\"project-type-badge international\">International<\/span><\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n                            <tr>\n                    <td><a href=\"#\" class=\"project-name-link\" data-project=\"{&quot;name_en&quot;:&quot;The birth of solar systems (PLANETS)&quot;,&quot;name_sk&quot;:&quot;Prachov\\u00e9 \\u010dastice v slne\\u010dnej s\\u00fastave&quot;,&quot;acronym&quot;:&quot;BSS&quot;,&quot;program&quot;:&quot;COST&quot;,&quot;solver&quot;:&quot;Mgr. Kocifaj Miroslav, DrSc.&quot;,&quot;start_date&quot;:&quot;1.9.2023&quot;,&quot;end_date&quot;:&quot;30.9.2027&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;Solar systems emerge from the dust, gas, and ice present in discs encircling newly-born stars. State-of-the-art images from current telescopes have revealed complex substructure (rings and gaps) in dust and gas that may be caused by forming planets. However, these observations have raised many questions regarding when and how planets form; for example, we see rings in discs too young to birth planets, and we measure disc masses too low to form a Solar System analogue. Further, the demographics provided by observations of extra-solar planetary systems have revealed huge diversity and hint that our Solar System may be unique. It is clear that our picture of the birth of Solar Systems remains incomplete despite these great advances in observations.This Action will create a multi-disciplinary network covering three cornerstones: experiments, models, and observations. Experimental data is needed to accurately prescribe physics in models of disc evolution and planet formation, and to correctly interpret observations of dust and gas emission. Models are a \\u201cvirtual laboratory\\u201d within which the impact of physics can be explored, and from which observational diagnostics can be created. Finally, observations provide us with the benchmarks needed to confirm or refute our picture of Solar System birth.To build a holistic picture of how Solar Systems form can only be achieved with an interdisciplinary and pan-European network. This Action will provide the structure and funding needed to develop the research framework, provide training to the next generation, and to disseminate the findings to key stakeholders.&quot;,&quot;web&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.cost.eu\\\/actions\\\/CA22133&quot;}\">BSS - The birth of solar systems (PLANETS)<\/a><\/td>\n                    <td>Mgr. Kocifaj Miroslav, DrSc.<\/td>\n                    <td>1.9.2023 - 30.9.2027<\/td>\n                    <td><span class=\"project-type-badge international\">International<\/span><\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n                            <tr>\n                    <td><a href=\"#\" class=\"project-name-link\" data-project=\"{&quot;name_en&quot;:&quot;Quantifying Light Propagation Parameters for Modern ArtificialLighting: Ground Reflection, Cloud Impact and Dynamic Sources&quot;,&quot;name_sk&quot;:&quot;Kvantifik\\u00e1cia parametrov \\u0161\\u00edrenia svetla pre modern\\u00e9 umel\\u00e9osvetlenie: Povrchov\\u00fd odraz, vplyv oblakov a dynamick\\u00e9 zdroje&quot;,&quot;acronym&quot;:&quot;LIPRO&quot;,&quot;program&quot;:&quot;APVV&quot;,&quot;solver&quot;:&quot;Dr. Wallner Stefan, MSc.&quot;,&quot;start_date&quot;:&quot;1.9.2025&quot;,&quot;end_date&quot;:&quot;31.8.2029&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;Light pollution is a rapidly growing environmental challenge, with artificial night lighting increasing by 2.2% annuallyand 6% in European areas. This innovative research project addresses critical gaps in understanding light pollutionthrough three work packages that combine cutting-edge measurement techniques with advanced theoreticalmodeling.The research investigates three key areas of light dynamics: ground reflection under LED lighting, cloud impacts onlight propagation, and vehicle lighting contributions. Using drone-based measurements, systematic cloud conditionanalyses, and novel headlight impact assessments, the project will develop comprehensive models that challengeexisting simplified understanding of light pollution.Led by Dr. Stefan Wallner at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, the interdisciplinary team will exploreunprecedented aspects of light propagation. By creating three-dimensional light mapping, analyzing over 500 cloudscenarios, and developing new algorithms for tracking light sources, the research promises significant advances inenvironmental and atmospheric science. Expected outcomes include enhanced modeling tools, new measurement protocols, public datasets, and at leasttwelve peer-reviewed publications. The project aims to support more sustainable urban lighting practices byproviding critical insights into how artificial light interacts with urban and natural environments.This research represents a crucial step in understanding and mitigating the complex phenomenon of light pollution, offering practical solutions for urban planners, ecologists, and environmental scientists.&quot;,&quot;web&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\">LIPRO - Quantifying Light Propagation Parameters for Modern ArtificialLighting: Ground Reflection, Cloud Impact and Dynamic Sources<\/a><\/td>\n                    <td>Dr. Wallner Stefan, MSc.<\/td>\n                    <td>1.9.2025 - 31.8.2029<\/td>\n                    <td><span class=\"project-type-badge national\">National<\/span><\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n                            <tr>\n                    <td><a href=\"#\" class=\"project-name-link\" data-project=\"{&quot;name_en&quot;:&quot;Optical characterization of particles in exteriors and interiors&quot;,&quot;name_sk&quot;:&quot;Optick\\u00e1 charakteriz\\u00e1cia \\u010dast\\u00edc vo vonkaj\\u0161om a vn\\u00fatornom prostred\\u00ed&quot;,&quot;acronym&quot;:&quot;OCCVVP&quot;,&quot;program&quot;:&quot;VEGA&quot;,&quot;solver&quot;:&quot;Mgr. Kocifaj Miroslav, DrSc.&quot;,&quot;start_date&quot;:&quot;1.1.2024&quot;,&quot;end_date&quot;:&quot;31.12.2027&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;Small size particles can easily penetrate different environments and have a detrimental effect on human health on both the interior and exterior. In addition to their negative impacts on the health of the population, micrometer-sized particles determine the distribution of diffuse daylight as well as its availability indoors. Environmental turbidity is a critical factor for predicting the amount of solar energy (photovoltaic, PV). Currently, most models assume that particles are spherical in shape, and this limitation is expected to have minimal impact on the accuracy of model predictions. However, such models suffer from a systematic bias, as the particles in urban environments are neither spherical nor spheroidal, and their varying shapes contribute to amplitude fluctuations of direct and diffuse radiation components. The goal of the project is to determine the effect of particle shape on detected radiation and to develop optical methods for characterizing particles in their natural environment.&quot;,&quot;web&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\">OCCVVP - Optical characterization of particles in exteriors and interiors<\/a><\/td>\n                    <td>Mgr. Kocifaj Miroslav, DrSc.<\/td>\n                    <td>1.1.2024 - 31.12.2027<\/td>\n                    <td><span class=\"project-type-badge national\">National<\/span><\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n                            <tr>\n                    <td><a href=\"#\" class=\"project-name-link\" data-project=\"{&quot;name_en&quot;:&quot;Comprehensive model of light pollution propagation into the ambient environment&quot;,&quot;name_sk&quot;:&quot;Komplexn\\u00fd model \\u0161\\u00edrenia sveteln\\u00e9ho zne\\u010distenia do okolit\\u00e9ho prostredia&quot;,&quot;acronym&quot;:&quot;LIGHT-POLLUTION-&quot;,&quot;program&quot;:&quot;APVV&quot;,&quot;solver&quot;:&quot;Mgr. Kocifaj Miroslav, DrSc.&quot;,&quot;start_date&quot;:&quot;1.7.2023&quot;,&quot;end_date&quot;:&quot;30.6.2027&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;The proliferation of outdoor artificial light at night is a global challenge that relates strongly to cities. The brightening of the night sky due to the phenomenon of skyglow touches on many social concerns from urban ecology to human health, energy security, and sustainability and climate change. Knowledge of the hemispherical night sky brightness (NSB) produced by ongoing expansion of outdoor lighting systems is a necessary step for characterizing the nighttime environment and monitoring the evolution of night sky quality. We intend to develop a comprehensive NSB model applicable for any site worldwide, while respecting the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the respective locality. By achieving an excellent match between theory and experiment, the model will (1) accurately assess the environmental impact of new outdoor lighting installations; (2) investigate the relationship between light pollution and other forms of environmental pollution; (3) elucidate how the nature of anthropogenic particles in the atmosphere relates to the formation of skyglow over cities; (4) predict how much light at night reaches the ground in and near cities; and (5) determine the value of specific outdoor lighting modernization efforts in reducing light pollution. Our strategy to develop a comprehensive model is to derive governing equations in analytic forms in order to provide a deep physical insight to the problem solved, interpret of the role of each parameter, discover dependencies otherwise hidden or unknown, and construct theoretically well-founded approximations. We will solve the vector radiative transfer equation in the Earth\\u2019s atmosphere, while determining Stokes parameters for arbitrary cloud coverage or light emissions from artificial sources. Through a combination of radiative transfer modeling and experimental validation, we deliver novel NSB mitigation strategies.&quot;,&quot;web&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\">LIGHT-POLLUTION- - Comprehensive model of light pollution propagation into the ambient environment<\/a><\/td>\n                    <td>Mgr. Kocifaj Miroslav, DrSc.<\/td>\n                    <td>1.7.2023 - 30.6.2027<\/td>\n                    <td><span class=\"project-type-badge national\">National<\/span><\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n                            <\/tbody>\n            <\/table>\n                <div id=\"project-modal-BPH\" class=\"project-modal\">\n            <div class=\"project-modal-overlay\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"project-modal-content\">\n                <button class=\"project-modal-close\">&times;<\/button>\n                <div class=\"project-modal-body\">\n                    <h2 id=\"modal-title-BPH\"><\/h2>\n                    <div class=\"project-detail-grid\">\n                        <div class=\"detail-row\"><span class=\"detail-label\">Program:<\/span><span class=\"detail-value\" id=\"modal-program-BPH\"><\/span><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"detail-row full-width\"><span class=\"detail-label\">Name (EN):<\/span><span class=\"detail-value\" id=\"modal-name-en-BPH\"><\/span><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"detail-row full-width\"><span class=\"detail-label\">Name (SK):<\/span><span class=\"detail-value\" id=\"modal-name-sk-BPH\"><\/span><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"detail-row\"><span class=\"detail-label\">Responsible Person:<\/span><span class=\"detail-value\" id=\"modal-solver-BPH\"><\/span><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"detail-row\"><span class=\"detail-label\">Duration:<\/span><span class=\"detail-value\" id=\"modal-duration-BPH\"><\/span><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"detail-row full-width\" id=\"modal-web-row-BPH\"><span class=\"detail-label\">Web:<\/span><span class=\"detail-value\"><a id=\"modal-web-BPH\" href=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"detail-row full-width\" id=\"modal-desc-row-BPH\"><span class=\"detail-label\">Description:<\/span><span class=\"detail-value\" id=\"modal-description-BPH\"><\/span><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<h3>People:<\/h3>\n    <table class=\"list\"><tr class=\"list_header\"><td>Name \/ Position<\/td><td>E-mail<\/td><td>Phone<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=14027\">Falchi, Fabio Mgr., PhD.<\/a><div>scientific worker<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><a href=\"mailto:falchi@lightpollution.it\">falchi@lightpollution.it<\/a><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=11343\">Fecko, Stanislav Mgr.<\/a><div>research worker<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><a href=\"mailto:stanislav.fecko@gmail.com\">stanislav.fecko@gmail.com<\/a><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=5626\">Kocifaj, Miroslav Mgr., DrSc.<\/a><div>Head of department, Senior researcher<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><a href=\"mailto:kocifaj@savba.sk\">kocifaj@savba.sk<\/a><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=8112\">K\u00f3mar, Ladislav RNDr., PhD.<\/a><div>researcher<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><a href=\"mailto:ladislav.komar@savba.sk\">ladislav.komar@savba.sk<\/a><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=8321\">Petr\u017eala, Jarom\u00edr Mgr., PhD.<\/a><div>senior researcher<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><a href=\"mailto:j.petrzala@savba.sk\">j.petrzala@savba.sk<\/a><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=14508\">Puschnig, Johannes Arvid Mgr., PhD.<\/a><div>scientific worker<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><a href=\"mailto:johannes.puschnig@savba.sk\">johannes.puschnig@savba.sk<\/a><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=15220\">Selber, Raphael BSc MSc<\/a><div>research worker<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=15222\">Stidl, Sarah Msc.<\/a><div>research worker<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=15219\">T\u00f3th, Peter Mgr.<\/a><div>scientific worker<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><a href=\"mailto:peter.toth@savba.sk\">peter.toth@savba.sk<\/a><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n            <td width=\"50%\"><a class=\"bold\" href=\"https:\/\/ustarch.sav.sk\/sk\/staff\/basic-info\/?user_no=14767\">Wallner, Stefan Dr., MSc.<\/a><div>senior researcher<\/div><\/td>\n            <td width=\"35%\"><a href=\"mailto:stefan.wallner@savba.sk\">stefan.wallner@savba.sk<\/a><\/td>\n            <td width=\"15%\"><\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <\/table>\n    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2022 Scattering of electromagnetic radiation in the atmosphere. \u2022 Aerosol optics. \u2022 Light pollution: theory, modeling and measurement. \u2022 Modeling and measurement of sky 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